Brush-mounting for dynamos and the like.



C. MARCUS.

BRUSH MOUNTING FOR DYNAMOS AND THE LIKE.-

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 4. I915.

1,276,552. Patented Aug. 20, 1918 WITNESSES: l/V y/v 10/2 moval.

UNITED STATES PATENT oFFIoE.

CHARLES MARCUS, OF FAR ROCKAWAY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, TO BIJUR MOTOR APPLIANCE COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF DELA- WARE.

BRUSH-MOUNTING FOR DYNAMOS AND THE LIKE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Aug. 20, 1918.

- Application filed une 4, 1915. Serial No. 32,029.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, CHARLES MARCUS, a citizen of the United States, and residing at Far Rockaway, in the county of Queens and State of New York,have invented a new and Improved Brush- Mounting for Dynamos and the like, of which the following specification is a full disclosure.

This invention relates to brush mountings iullid associated parts for dynamos and the 1 e. gOne of the objects thereof is to provide a simple, compact and reliable construction of the above nature. Another object is to provide a construction of the above nature in which the parts act efliciently in use and are readily accessible for inspection or re- Another object is to provide in a construction of the above type connecting means which shall be reliable mechanically and of efficient electrical action.

Other objects will be in part obvious and in part pointed out hereinafter.-

The invention accordingly consists in the features of construction, combinations of elements and arrangement of parts which will be exemplified in the structure hereinafter described and the scope of the application of which will be indicated in the following claims.

In the accompanying drawing, in which is shown one of various possible embodiments of this invention, Figure 1 is a plan view of a portion of a dynamo casing with a brush mounting position. thereunder. Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1, showing another position of certain parts. Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line BB of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a sectional detailed view taken substantially along the line C-O of Fig. 1.

Similar reference characters refer to similar parts throughout the several views of the drawing.

Referring now to Fig. 2 of the drawing, there is indicated at 1 the casing of a dynamo, preferably. of though various features of this invention are well applicable to a generator. The term casing is used in a broad'sense to include a device inclosing the dynamo or a portion the motor type al-.

thereof, and it-may be noted that the term commutator is also used broadly to cover a rotary contact, whether comprised of segments as in a direct current machine or continuous rings as in the case of an alternating current dynamo.

The commutator, which is here indicated at 2, is provided with any desired number of brushes, one of which is shown at 3, and it is to be understood that each brush may be mounted in a manner substantially identical with that hereinafter described with reference to the brush 3, one mechanism only being shown in order to avoid encumbering the drawing and confusing the disclosure.

The brush 3 is slidably mounted in a bracket 4 which may be secured as by the screws 5 to the head of the dynamo or other stationary part. Interposed between the guiding bracket 4 and the fixed member to which it is secured, and suitably insulated,

- is a short metallic bar or plate 6 having the lug 7 to which is secured, as by the screw 8, a conductor 9. The latter member, which is flexible and preferablyof flat form, as indicated in the drawing, is sometimes termed a pig tail, but is herein referred to as a lead, and it is to be understood that the term lead is used in a broad sense to denote any equivalent conductor suited to perform the functions hereinafter referred to. The lead '9 is perforated at its end, as best shown in Fig. 5 of the drawing, and rests fiat upon the end of the brush 3, a clean contact being provided at this point. The lead is mechanically held in position by means of a screw 10 which screws into the end of the brush and is provided with a sharply projecting head as indicated in the drawing. Althoughthis screw might be suificient to hold the lead in place upon the brush, nevertheless there is a chance of the screw loosening and of the flat lead springing away from the brush and-increasing the contact resistance. There is accordingly provided herein a film of solder, as indicated by the heavy lines 11,.which not only secures and holds the lead firmly throughout its entire contacting surface against the brush, but

' of flanges 14 is nection of the lead and the brush, but reacts upon the screw, preventing the latter from loosening. The screw, moreover, contributes a high mechanical strength to the connection of elongated contour, as shown in Figs. 1-

and 3 of the drawing. This opening is pro vided with opposite recesses 18 within which rest the flanges 14: of a cross-piece 15. Each rovided at its lower end with an outwar ly directed lip or lug 16 which rests against the inner surface of casing 1 and prevents relative motion of the cross-piece and casing in any direction except that of the cross-piece toward the brush 3. This cross-piece is normally pressed outwardly, as hereinafter described, and is thus rigidly interlocked in the position shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawing, but, if desired, it may be pressed inwardly until its outer surface can pass under the inner wall of the casing and then rotated conveniently into a positionlongitudinal of the opening, as shown in Fig. 3 of the drawing.

Secured to the inner surface of the crosspiece 15, substantially at its center, is a nipple 17 of insulating material and provided with a boss 18 and shoulder 19. Resting against this shoulder and interlocking with the part 18 at one end is a spiral spring 20, the inner end of which interlocks in a similar manner with the head of screw 10. The various parts are so proportioned that when in normal position as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the spring 20 is under compression and not only urges the brush 3 toward the commutator with the desired degree of force, but also presses the cross-piece 15 out into interlocking relation with the walls of the window or opening 12. The

cross-piece 15 with its associated parts thus serves, as an abutment for the spring 20, and 1t may be noted that the term abutment is used in a broad sense.

The action and method of use of the above described construction is substantially as follows: Assuming the parts to be in the normal position shown in Fig. 2 of the drawing, the brush 3 is resiliently held against the commutator 2 with the desired degree of pressure,- and this pressure is maintained substantially constant as the brush wears away and is fed toward the commutator. The flexible lead 9; as well as the guide bracket 4 permit free movement of the brush and its action during the operation of the machine is eflicient in a mechanical as well as electrical way.

When-it is desired for an reason to remove the parts or any of t cm, the crosspiece 15 is merely pressed toward the commutator and rotated lengthwise of the window to the position shown in Fig. 3. lltmay then be released and urged outwardly and is readily removed from the machine. Furthermore, the spring is thus exposed for ready removal and the brush itself, the screw 8 belng withdrawn, may be taken out; all without affecting in any way the casing or other parts of the dynamo. The reinsertion of the parts is accomplished with equal ease as the brush or a substituted brush is merely placed within the guide bracket 4 and the screw 8 reinserted, whereupon the spring 20 is placed in position and the cross-piece 15 depressed and snapped into interlocking relation with the sing. It may also be noted that the spring, being of simple form, is readily replaceable or adjustable and its cost is low.

A further feature of importance is that due to the compact arrangement of parts and their general disposition in a radial direction, only a short space in a direction circumferential of the machine is occupied and the number of brush mountings may be correspondingly increased without crowding the parts.

It will thus be seen that there is provided apparatus in which the several objects of this invention are achieved.

As many changes might be made in the above construction, and as many apparently difl'erent embodiments might be made of this invention without departin from the scope thereof, it is intended that all features herein described or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

Having thus revealed this invention, I claim as new and desire to secure the follents thereof, United States:

1. In construction of the class described, in combination, a commutator, a casing provided with an opening adjacent said commutator, a brush bearing on said commutator, a spring bearing on said brush and' urging it toward said commutator, and a by Letters Patent of the member interlocking with said casing at said opening and supporting said spring.

2. In construction of the class described, in combination, a commutator, a casing provided with an opening adjacent said commutator, a brush bearing upon said commutator, a spring bearing on said brush and urging it toward said commutator, and a lowing combinations of elements, or equivaand interlocking withthe walls thereof against relative movement in all directions except toward said brush, and a spring interposed between said last member and said brush and urgingsaid brush toward said commutator and said member into interlocked position. i

4:. In construction of the class described, in combination, a motor casing with an opening adjacent the commutator end, a brush substantially opposite said opening, and a resilient device pressing said brush inwardly and urging itself into interlocked relation with said casing, said brush and said device being removable through said opening.

5. In construction of the class described, in combination, a brush, a lead, mechanical means interlocking with said lead and securing said lead to said brush, and means holding said mechanical means in position and independently securing said lead to said brush.

6. In construction of the class described, in combination, a brush, a lead resting upon the end of said brush, a screw holding said lead against the end of said brush, and means adhesively securing said lead to said brush and holding said screw against rotation.

7. In construction of the class described, in combination, a commutator, a casing provided with an opening adjacent said commutator, a brush, a cross-piece interlocked with the walls of said opening and formed to release itself by pressure toward said commutator and rotation, and a spring interposed between said cross-piece and said brush.

8. In construction of the class described, in combination, a commutator, a casing proled with an opening adjacent said commutator, a brush, a cross-piece interlocked with the walls of said opening and formed to release itself by pressure toward said com mutator and rotation, and a spring interposed between said cross-piece and said brush and interlocking with each of the same.

9. In construction of the class described, in combination, a brush, a lead, a screw holding said lead against the end of said brush and having its head projecting outwardly therefrom, a commutator, means mounting said brush upon said commutator and permitting movement of the same toward said commutator, a casing provided with an opening opposite said brush, a cross-piece positioned in saidopening and provided with an inward projection, said cross-piece being formed to interlock with the walls of said opening upon being forced outwardly in a predetermined relation thereto, and a spring interlocking with said projection and the head of said screw and urging said brush inwardly and said crosspiece outwardly.

In witness whereof I hereunto subscribe my name as attested by the two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES MARCUS. Witnesses:

HARRIET S. HAGEN, L. N. Wonrrsonn. 

